Feb/Mar 2019 p12 q1
1014
The coefficient of \(x^3\) in the expansion of \((1 - px)^5\) is \(-2160\). Find the value of the constant \(p\).
Solution
To find the coefficient of \(x^3\) in the expansion of \((1 - px)^5\), we use the binomial theorem:
\((1 - px)^5 = \sum_{k=0}^{5} \binom{5}{k} (1)^{5-k} (-px)^k\).
The term containing \(x^3\) is when \(k = 3\):
\(\binom{5}{3} (1)^{5-3} (-px)^3 = \binom{5}{3} (-1)^3 p^3 x^3\).
\(\binom{5}{3} = 10\), so the coefficient of \(x^3\) is:
\((-1) \cdot 10 \cdot p^3 = -10p^3\).
We are given that this coefficient is \(-2160\):
\(-10p^3 = -2160\).
Dividing both sides by \(-10\):
\(p^3 = 216\).
Taking the cube root of both sides:
\(p = 6\).
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