The coefficient of \(x^2\) in the expansion of \((4 + ax)\left(1 + \frac{x}{2}\right)^6\) is 3. Find the value of the constant \(a\).
Solution
First, expand \(\left(1 + \frac{x}{2}\right)^6\) using the binomial theorem:
\(\left(1 + \frac{x}{2}\right)^6 = 1 + \binom{6}{1}\frac{x}{2} + \binom{6}{2}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2 + \cdots\)
The terms involving \(x\) and \(x^2\) are:
\(\binom{6}{1}\frac{x}{2} = 6\frac{x}{2} = 3x\)
\(\binom{6}{2}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2 = 15\frac{x^2}{4}\)
Now, consider the expansion of \((4 + ax)(1 + 3x + 15\frac{x^2}{4})\).
The coefficient of \(x^2\) comes from:
\(4 \times 15\frac{x^2}{4} = 15x^2\)
\(ax \times 3x = 3ax^2\)
Equating the coefficient of \(x^2\) to 3:
\(3a + 15 = 3\)
Solving for \(a\):
\(3a = 3 - 15\)
\(3a = -12\)
\(a = -4\)
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